中文摘要：

利用实验生态学方法探讨温度对3种海洋纤毛虫——缩原克鲁虫（Protocruzia contrax）、拉氏游仆虫（Euplotes raikovi）和中华游仆虫（E.sinica）纤毛虫种群增长的影响.纤毛虫采用米粒培养液培养,测定其在4个温度（17℃、22℃、27℃和32℃）下的密度变化,计算种群生态学参数（种群增长率和温度系数）.结果显示：1）拉氏游仆虫种群密度在27℃最大（2.73×103 ind/mL）,而缩原克鲁虫和中华游仆虫在22℃下最大（分别为1.58×104 ind/mL和8.50×102 ind/mL）;2）缩原克鲁虫和中华游仆虫在4种温度下的种群增长率大小顺序均为：32℃组〉27℃组〉22℃组〉17℃组,而中华游仆虫的顺序为：22℃组〉27℃组〉32℃组〉17℃组;3）3种纤毛虫的指数期长度均随培养温度的升高而变短;4）3种纤毛虫的温度系数（Q10）的大小顺序为：中华游仆虫〉拉氏游仆虫〉缩原克鲁虫.结果表明,3种纤毛虫具有不同的最适宜的种群增长温度范围,缩原克鲁虫和拉氏游仆虫对高温的耐受范围较宽,在32℃下也能保持较高的种群增长率和密度;中华游仆虫温度范围较窄,在32℃和17℃下均不能进行正常的种群增长.

英文摘要：

The effect of different temperatures on population dynamics of three marine ciliates,Protocruzia contrax,Euplotes raikovi and E.sinica,was investigated using experimental ecological method in rice medium at a range of temperatures.The population parameters of the three species of ciliates were analyzed at 17 ℃,22 ℃,27 ℃ and 32 ℃,respectively.The results showed that： 1） the highest population density of E.raikovi was found at 27 ℃（2.73×103 ind/mL）,while those of P.contrax and E.sinica were at 22 ℃（1.58×104 ind/mL and 8.50×102 ind/mL,respectively）;2） the population growth rates of P.contrax and E.raikovi were in the same order： 32 ℃ group 〉27 ℃ group 22 ℃〉 group 17 ℃ group,while those of E.sinica was 22 ℃ group 〉27 ℃ group 〉32 ℃ group〉 17 ℃;3） the logarithmic phase of the three ciliates was shortened with rising of temperature;and 4） their temperature coefficients（Q10） were in order of the species： E.sinica E.raikovi P.contrax.The results suggest that the three marine ciliates have their optimal temperature ranges for population growth,e.g.,P.contrax and E.raikovi can grow with a high growth rate in a wide range of temperature,while E.vannus grows in a narrow range of temperature（〉17 ℃ and〈 32 ℃）.