中文摘要：

基阵之所以提高了输出信号的信噪比,其本质在于信号的空间相关半径大于噪声的空间相关半径.为了研究噪声场的空间相干结构,假设噪声源均匀分布在海面下方一定深度的无限大平面上,根据简正波理论首先建立水平分层介质表面噪声模型.在此基础上,根据欧拉公式便可以写出复合式矢量水听器接收噪声的互谱密度函数表达式.对互谱密度函数进行积分运算,得到了均匀半均匀无限空间和硬底均匀浅海（具有压力释放海面和刚性海底）表面噪声矢量场空间相关函数的解析式.对比分析可知,对于均匀半无限空间情况,与文献中的结果是一致的;而对于硬底均匀浅海,计算机仿真表明该噪声场的空间相干结构与绝对深度及介质的吸收衰减无关,但互谱密度函数却相反.

英文摘要：

The essential requirement for an array that improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is that the spatial correlation radius of the signal is greater than that of the noise.In order to investigate the coherent structure of the noise,it was assumed that noise sources are homogeneously distributed in an infinite parallel plane that is near the sea＇s surface.On this basis a normal mode model of the surface noise in horizontally stratified media was presented.By applying Euler＇s formula,the cross-spectral density function of the noise received by a composite vector hydrophone was obtained.With integration over the cross-spectrum,analytical expressions of the spatial coherence of the acoustic vector field were given,both in a homogeneous semi-infinite space and in an isovelocity waveguide bounded above by a pressure-release surface and below by a rigid bottom.Comparisons between results for the former and those found in the literature indicate good agreement.For the latter,computer simulations have been done and the results showed that the coherent structure of the noise in this waveguide does not depend on the real depth and the absorbing attenuation of the media,while the cross-spectral density functions have the opposite characteristics.