中文摘要：

由于GPS卫星钟差估计参数的设计矩阵系数与测站坐标无关,一般认为测站的几何分布对钟差估计不存在影响。然而,在高精度卫星钟差估计过程中,需同时估计对流层等参数,对流层参数的设计矩阵与测站相关,因此测站的几何分布对估计精度存在不可忽视的影响。基于PANDA软件,分析了测站间距从50km～1 000km的测站分布对GPS卫星钟差估计的影响。结果表明,当站间距小于200km,对流层参数与卫星钟差参数相关性强,最大可以引起0.8ns的钟差估计精度;当站间距达到500km以上,卫星钟差与对流层参数相关性显著减小,参数之间可区分。

英文摘要：

In the estimation of GPS satellites＇ clock offset,the design matrix of clock offset parameters is often considered independent with the geometric distribution of observation stations,as it has nothing to do with the coordination of the stations.However,in the high-accuracy estimation of clock offset,the troposphere delay has to estimate together,the design matrix of troposphere parameter is dependent with the observation stations,so the influence of geometric distribution of observation stations on accuracy must be taken into acc-ount.In this paper,we analyzed the influence of different observation stations distributions（from 50 km to 1 000 km） on satellite＇s clock offset estimation based on the PANDA software.The result shows that,when the distance between stations is shorter than 200km,the correlation of troposphere parameter and satellite clock offset parameter is strong,the accuracy of satellite clock offset estimation will be up to 0.8 ns;when the distance between stations is up to 500 km,as the correction of troposphere parameter and satellite clock offset parameter is significantly reduced,and the two kinds of parameters can be distinguished.