中文摘要：

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（Polyvinyl butyral,PVB）夹层风挡玻璃是汽车碰撞安全性及行人保护的重要部件,同时也蕴含丰富的汽车碰撞事故信息。因此,对其力学性能,尤其是冲击特性的研究已经成为当今汽车安全领域研究的热点问题。结合国内外文献,总结针对聚乙烯醇缩丁醛夹层玻璃材料的准静态试验、动态冲击试验和高速摄影/摄像试验的基本方法;基于不同材料的力学模型和理论研究以及主要使用的数值模拟手段和思路,归纳目前研究的主要成果与结论。现有研究结果表明,聚乙烯醇缩丁醛夹层玻璃在准静态呈线弹性力学特性但在动态冲击下呈现非线性特性,且为率相关材料;同时指出现有的汽车风挡玻璃材料和结构设计不足以为行人头部提供有效的保护。总结并提出本研究领域的未来发展方向。

英文摘要：

PVB laminated windshield is considered as one of the most important components of pedestrian protection and vehicle crash safety and it contains abundant crash information during accidents,which promotes the research on the dynamic response of PVB laminated windshield to be a heated topic.Based on the literatures,this paper summarises fundamental experiment methods including quasi-static,dynamic impact and high-speed photography and photoelastic ones,as well as the theoretical constitutive models on the basis of different mechanical models and theories.In addition,available numerical simulation methods aiming at damage and cracking are also introduced.Major fruits harvested from previous researches up to now have been concluded.Results show that PVB laminated glass behaves linearly in quasi-static loadings but nonlinearly in dynamic loadings.Current selection of windshield material and design of structure are not sufficient to protect pedestrain＇s head during crash accidents.Future development direction is illuminated and clarified.