中文摘要：

目的 探讨重组人干扰素α1b注射液吸入治疗儿童毛细支气管炎的疗效及安全性。方法 选取2012年1月至2014年12月门诊就诊的420例毛细支气管炎患儿作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组210例,两组患儿均给予常规对症治疗,观察组加用重组人干扰素α1b注射液雾化吸入,4μg/次,2次/d,两组均连续治疗7 d。比较两组临床疗效、临床症状消失时间和疗效指标评分。同时观察记录不良反应。结果 治疗后观察组总有效率为99.52%显著高于与对照组84.76%,具有统计学差异（χ2=31.604,P〈0.05）;观察组发热、啰音、喘憋、咳嗽等临床症状消失时间与对照组比较均显著缩短（P〈0.05）;治疗过程中观察组疗效指标评分降低比对照组快,第3~4天观察组疗效指标显著改善,指标改善程度观察组优于对照组（P〈0.05）;两组均未出现严重不良反应。结论 重组人干扰素α1b雾化吸入治疗儿童毛细支气管炎可显著减轻临床症状,缩短症状消失时间,安全性较好。

英文摘要：

Objective This aim is to explore the efficacy and safety of nebulized recombinant human interferon α1b in treatment of children with bronchiolitis. Methods A total of 420 children with bronchiolitis from January 2012 to December 2014 were selected,and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group,210 cases in each group. Children were given conventional symptomatic treatment,the observation group plus nebulized recombinant human interferon α1b,4 μg / times,2 times / d,both groups were given continued treatment for 7 d.Adverse reactions were recorded. The clinical efficacy and time of clinical symptoms disappeared were compared. Results The total effective rate in observation group was 99. 52%,which was significantly higher than the control group 84. 76%,with statistically significant difference（ χ2=31. 604,P 0. 05）. The disappearance time of clinical symptoms of fever,rales,wheezing,coughing in observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group（ P 0. 05）. Index score in observation group reduced faster than the control group. The indicators on 3 ~ 4d in observation group significantly improved. The degree of improvement in the observation group was better than the control group（ P 0. 05）.There were no serious adverse reactions in two groups. Conclusion The results show that recombinant human interferon α1b inhalation treatment on children with bronchiolitis can significantly reduce symptoms and shorten the time of clinical symptoms disappeared,with better security.