中文摘要：

分别以过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵及氨水为氧化剂,在铜表面制得纳米结构,并用十七氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷（FAS-17）进一步氟化处理,获得了差异化超疏水表面.比较了不同氧化剂对反应结果的影响,并分析了氧化反应的历程.实验结果表明,Cu首先被O2氧化成CuO超薄层,然后水解变成Cu（OH）2,并进一步被OH-或NH4OH络合成蓝色溶液.不同形貌纳米结构是Cu（OH）2在饱和析出过程中沿固定晶面堆砌的结果.最后对不同纳米结构超疏水表面的耐水蒸气冷凝情况及微观机理进行了分析,证实只有较密、较垂直的纳米针结构表面才耐水蒸气冷凝,即冷凝水滴在其上出现快速自迁移现象.

英文摘要：

Surface wet chemical oxidation is an efficient method to prepare nanostructure on copper foils to- ward realizing surface superhydrophobic property. However, the current studies mainly focus on the oxidation results but not on the process of oxidation reaction. Moreover, the characterization for superhydrophobicity is only by contact angle measurement. In this paper, three types of oxidants including K2S208, （NH4）2S208 and ammonia were separately applied to nano roughen copper surfaces. After been treated with fluorin contai- ning silane, all as-prepared surfaces appeared superhydrophobic property but some showed strong resistance to vapor condensation while some did not. The influence of oxidant types on the resulting morphology was com- pared. The nanostructure growth was believed complying with the following procedure： copper oxidation, CuO hydrolysis, Cu（OH） 2 complexation/dissolution, Cu （OH）2 re-deposition and crystal directional growth. The vapor condensation resistances of as-prepared superhydrophobic surfaces with different nanostructures, e. g. , microscopic mechanism of spontaneous motion of condensate droplets on them, were analyzed. It shows that only nanostructures with narrow space and high perpendicularity cause the obvious spontaneous motion of con- densate droplets on them.