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中文摘要：
以贡选1号为材料,研究了磷、钾营养对套作大豆钾素积累及利用效率的影响。结果表明,套作大豆全生育期钾素积累动态符合＂S＂型增长曲线。完熟期钾素积累总量以及根、茎、叶片、荚果各器官钾素含量均随施钾量增加而增加,随施磷量增加呈先增加后减少的趋势;各处理均以P2K3（P2O517.0 kg/hm^2,K2O 112.5 kg/hm^2）最高,较不施磷、钾（P0K0）高18.79%5-8.33%。全生育期钾积累速率呈单峰曲线变化,随施钾量增加而增加,随施磷量增加先升高后降低,出苗后90 d左右达到最大值。钾素生产效率、吸收利用率、农学利用率随施磷、施钾量增加与钾积累速率表现一致,但收获指数随施磷量增加先降低后升高。合理施用磷、钾肥能提高套作大豆钾素利用效率,以P2K1（P2O517.0 kg/hm^2,K2O 37.5 kg/hm^2）处理最好。
英文摘要：
In the relay-cropping system of ＂wheat/maize/soybean＂,the soybean cultivar,Gongxuan 1,was used to study the effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on potassium accumulation and utilization efficiency of soybean under the relay-cropping system.The results show that the potassium accumulation of the soybean during the whole growth period can be described as an ＂S＂ growth curve.Total K accumulation amount and K contents in roots,stems,leaves and legumes are all increased with the increase of K application amount,while the K accumulation amount and the K contents are increased at first and then decreased with the increase of P application amount,and the K accumulation amount and the K contents are all highest under the P2K3（P2O5 17.0 kg/ha,K2O 112.5 kg/ha） treatment,which are 18.79%-58.33% higher than those of the P0K0（without phosphorus and potassium application） treatment.The change of K accumulation rate in the whole period shows a single peak curve,and reaches to its largest value at about 90 days after the emergence.The changes of K production efficiency,uptake and utilization efficiency and K agronomy efficiency are similar to that of the K accumulation rate,while the change of the harvest index is decreased at first and then increased with the increase of the phosphorus application.The appropriate phosphorus and potassium application could improve the K utilization efficiency,the optimal treatment is the P2K1（P2O5 17.0 kg/ha,K2O 37.5 kg/ha）.
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