中文摘要：

通过应用生命周期评价（LCA）理论与方法对高速公路生命周期消耗的能源及产生的大气排放进行计算,将公路生命周期分为建筑材料生产、建造、养护和拆除废弃4个阶段。结果显示,建筑材料生产阶段能源消耗最多,其次是建造和养护阶段,最后是拆除废弃阶段。建材生产阶段,1功能单位（每千米4车道）高速公路能耗达1 399.87 t标煤。在20 a的公路生命周期内,1功能单位高速公路共消耗2 512.89 t标煤,排放CO22 197.83 t,SO252.25 t,NOx14.94 t。因此,改进建材本身的生产工艺、在公路工程中节约用材、降低工程机械的耗油率是减少公路生命周期大气环境负荷的有效措施。

英文摘要：

Based on the theory and method of life cycle assessment（LCA）,the energy consumption and atmospheric emission of the life cycle of expressway were estimated.The life cycle of expressway was divided into four stages：manufacturing of construction materials,construction,maintenance and demolition.It is estimated that（1） The most energy is consumed in the manufacturing stage of construction materials with consumption of 1 399.87 t of coal equivalent per functional unit（4 lanes per km）.Energy consumption in the maintenance stage is the second among the life cycle stages,the next two are the construction and demolition stages.（2） Through the whole life cycle of 20 years,2 512.89 t of coal equivalent of energy per functional unit will be consumed,and the emissions of CO2,SO2 and NOx will be 2 197.83 t,52.25 t and 14.94 t respectively.Therefore,it is effective to improve construction materials production process and reduce materials and energy consumption for reducing environmental load on life cycle of road.