中文摘要：

目的研究汉族与维吾尔族儿童发展性阅读障碍的不同阅读特仟，为开展不同种族儿童发展性阅读障碍的遗传学研究提供基础。方法本文采用分层检测的策略，依据ICD-10诊断标准，抽取3～5年级儿童1181名，利用儿童阅读障碍量表进行检测筛查，以各阅读障碍各因子为自变量拟合了Logistic回归模型。分析不同种族的阅读特征的差异。结果1）汉族儿童阅读障碍的筛查阳性率为4．69％，维吾尔族儿童阅读障碍的筛查阳性率为7．93％，两种族之间阅读障碍的筛出率差异有统计学意义（x2=9．448，P〈0．05）。2）维吾尔族儿童阅读障碍组的8个因子均高于对照组。进一步进行Logistic回归分析，其中口语表达（OR=2．432）和视知觉（OR=6．056）对阅读障碍的影响较大。3）不同民族阅读障碍儿童各因子评分比较：口语表达、书面表达、注意力、视知觉差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），维吾尔族儿童显著高于汉族儿童分值。结论汉族儿童与维吾尔族儿童阅读障碍筛查阳性率差异具有统计学意义；维吾尔族发展性阅读障碍儿童在阅读中各个环节均受损，以口语表达障碍和视知觉损害为主；汉族与维吾尔族儿童阅读障碍特征存在显著性差异，汉族儿童各因子得分均低于维吾尔族儿童。

英文摘要：

Objective To study on different characteristics about Han and Uyghur children of the developmental dyslexia,and to provide different racial children developmental dyslexia genetic studies basis. Methods Hierarchy detection strategy was adopted,according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. A Logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between reading factors and analyze the different races different characteristics of the reading. Results 1）The prevalence rate of Han children developmental dyslexia was 4.69 %, the prevalence rate of Uyghur children developmental dyslexia was 7.93%. The prevalence rate was significant diffrence between the two races（x2= 9.448, P〈0.05）. 2）The scores of 8 items of DCUC （Dyslexia Checklist for Uyghur Children） of developmental dyslexics were mostly significantly higher than those of normal Uyghur children. The Logistic regression analysis showed：oral disorders （OR=2.432）and visual disturbances（OR= 6. 056） were mostly influence factors. 3）Compared the subscore of Dyslexia Checklist of two ethnic children with dyslexia suggested that the oral expression score, the written expression score, the attention score and the visual perception score had significant differences,the scores of Uyghur children were mostly significantly higher than those of Han children. Conclusions The prevalence rate of dyslexia between the two races are significantly different. There are deficits in every side of reading in Uyghur children with developmental dyslexics,and the main problems are oral expression disorder and the visual perception disorder. The reading feature of developmental dyslexia has significant diffrence between the two races, Han children have lower subscores than Uyghur children.