中文摘要：

用电导率仪测定了298．15K条件下多种离子液体，即1-乙基-3-甲基眯唑溴（[Emim]Br）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴（[Bmim]Br）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氧（[Bmim]Cl）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氟硼酸盐（[Bmim][BF4]）、1-甲基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二甲酯（[Mmim][DMP]）、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二乙酯（[Emim][DEP]）、1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二丁酯（[Bmim][DBP]）以及醋酸钾（KAc）在水、乙醇及其混合溶剂中的电导率数据。结果表明，纯室温离子液体的电导率顺序为：[Bmim][BF4]〉[Mmim][DMP]〉[Emim][DEP]〉[Bmim][DBP]，该顺序与离子液体的黏度成反比。离子液体在水中的电导率的次序大致为[Emim]Br〉[Bmim]Cl≌[Bmim]Br〉[Bmim][BF4]〉[Mmim][DMP]〉[Emim][DEP]〉[Bmim][DBP]。离子液体在水中的电导率高于在乙醇中的电导率，且电导率随浓度的增加均先升高后降低。与醋酸钾相比，溶剂变化对离子液体电导率的影响要小得多。离子液体[Mmim][DMP]和[Emim][DEP]能显著提高乙醇水溶液中乙醇的相对挥发度，且盐析作用[Mmim][DMP]〉[Emim][DEP]，这与在混合溶剂中电导率的大小次序是一致的。

英文摘要：

Electrical conductivity data for ionic liquids （ILs） and potassium acetate in water, ethanol and mixtures thereof at 298.15 K were determined using a digital conductivity meter. The ionic liquids studied include 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide （[Emim]Br）, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide （[Bmim]Br）, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride （[Bmim]Cl）, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate （[Bmim][BF4]）, 1-methyl-3-methyl imidasolium dimethyl phosphate （[Mmim][DMP]）, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidasolium diethyl phosphate （[Emim][DEP]） and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium dibutyl phosphate （[Bmim][DBP]）. The results show that the conductivity of ILs in water follows the order [Emim]Br 〉 [Bmim] Cl≌[Bmim]Br 〉 [Bmim][BF4] 〉 [Mmim][DMP] 〉 [Emim][DEP] 〉 [Bmim][DBP], which is inversely proportional to their viscosity. The conductivity initially increased and then decreased as the concentration of ILs increased. For a given ionic liquid, the conductivity in water is higher than that in ethanol. However, compared to potassium acetate, the variation in conductivity of ILs with change of solvent is much smaller. Furthermore, alkylimidazolium phosphate ILs can increase the volatility of ethanol relative to that of water in ethanol-water mixture. The salting-out effect of ILs in ethanol-water systems follows the order [Mmim][DMP] 〉 [Emim][DEP], which is consistent with their relative conductivities in this solvent system.