中文摘要：

依据图像传感器探测背景光的噪声情况,定义了光背景特征值,用其来描述星地链路光背景噪声对于卫星光通信的瞄准、捕获和跟踪的影响。在星地链路光背景噪声条件下,对光信号识别和捕获的影响进行了分析,同时,提出了捕获光点路径优化算法,根据此算法可以得到星地激光链路区域光背景噪声的特征规律,并阐述了光背景噪声情况下的光信号快速识别方法。经模拟实验分析表明：该算法能够在光背景噪声情况下对光信号进行快速识别和捕获,满足了图像实时处理要求,增强了图像处理系统的抗干扰能力,因此,对星地激光通信具有一定的参考意义。

英文摘要：

Considering the optical background noise detected by the image sensor,the characteristic value of optical background was defined in order to describe the influence of optical background noise on pointing,acquisition and tracking in the satellite-to-ground optical communication system.The influence of optical background noise on signal recognition and acquisition was analyzed,and the optimized algorithm for light spot acquisition was presented.According to the algorithm,the characteristics of optical background noise,and the method to recognize optical signal quickly in background noise can be known.The simulations show that thealgorithm can satisfy the requirements of real-time image processing,and enhance the anti-interference ability of the image processing system.Therefore,it is siginificant for the satellite-to-ground laser communication.