中文摘要：

大型液压铲是露天矿山开采和大型工程施工广泛采用的装备,但国内所用一直依赖进口,2008年太原重工开始研发国内首台机重260 t,斗容15 m~3的液压铲。上车回转是液压铲最频繁的动作,每个作业循环都要进行两次加减速,如果回转系统设计不好,就会引起液压系统严重发热,影响机器作业效能。为了缩短国内首台液压铲的研发周期,在实际系统制造之前充分了解其运行特性,分析对比开式回路和闭式回路设计方案的优劣,确定液压系统元器件的规格和参数,采用机械系统动力学仿真软件ADAMS和机电系统仿真软件AMESim联合,建立所研制液压铲整机的联合仿真模型,仿真机器实际运行工况下,两种回路方案的运行和能效特性,通过分析对比,确定采用电液比例控制的双闭式回路并联驱动上车回转,使用电液比例泵直接控制回转马达,消除系统节流损失。同时,为简化回路,利用自身配置的先导泵对闭式回路进行补油。进一步研究了上车转动惯量大范围变化对回转特性的影响,确定了加减速时间与回转角度的关系,设计出完整的电液回转系统,并应用到所研发的机器中。试车试验和现场试验测试表明,所设计的电液比例双闭式回转回路能够在转动惯量大范围变化的情况下,控制上车平稳加减速,直接回收利用回转制动动能,发热小,连续长时间作业。

英文摘要：

Mining hydraulic shovel is one of widely used equipment in open-pit mining and large engineering construction. However, the shovels used in domestic are always dependent on importation. In 2008, Taiyuan Heavy industry started to research and development the first domestic mining hydraulic shovel whose weight is 260 t and capacity of the bucket is 15 m3. Swing motion is the most frequent movement of mining excavator and each operating cycle includes two times of acceleration and deceleration. If the swing circuit can＇t be designed will, that will cause serious heating of system and impact the working efficiency of the machine. In order to shorten design period and comprehend the working performance before the construction of the real system, the advantages and disadvantages of open circuit and closed circuit are analyzed to determine the specifications and parameters of hydraulic components. The mechanical dynamic simulation software ADAMS and mechatronic system simulation software AMESim are used to build the co-simulation model of whole designed mining hydraulic shovel. During the working process of mining excavator, the operation performance and energy efficiency characteristic of the two circuit are simulated, a method that using electro hydraulic proportional controlled double closed circuits for swing control driven in parallel way is determined. An electro-hydraulic proportional pump is used to control the rotary motor directly, which can avoid the throttling loss of valve controlled system. Meanwhile, in order to simplify the circuit, the hydraulic shovel own pilot pump is used to realize the compensating of closed circuit.The influence of rotary inertia＇s large range variety on the rotation characteristic is further simulated and researched, the relationship between the time acceleration and deceleration and swing angle. The whole electro-hydraulic swing system is designed and applied the designed mining hydraulic shovel. Field tests and trial run tests indicate that the designed electro hydraulic pro