中文摘要：

以榴莲壳为原料,选择K2C2O4为活化剂,在自制氛围气中进行化学活化制备活性炭。考察了活化剂/原料浸渍比、活化温度与活化时间对活性炭的碘和亚甲基蓝吸附值及得率的影响。结果表明,制备榴莲壳活性炭的理想条件为：活化剂/原料浸渍比1.5∶1、活化温度800℃和活化时间120 min;此时活性炭的SBET（BET比表面积）、总孔容和微孔孔容分别为1 195 m2/g、0.60 cm3/g和0.41 cm3/g。利用比表面和孔隙度分析仪、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和傅立叶红外光谱法（FT-IR）对活性炭的孔结构特征、微观形貌和表面官能团进行了表征。FE-SEM观测结果显示榴莲壳活性炭孔隙结构发达,且含有丰富的中孔。

英文摘要：

Activated carbons were prepared from durian shell by potassium oxalate activation in self-generated atmosphere.Effects of K2C2O4/precursor impregnation mass ratio,activation temperature and activation time on the yield and adsorption capacities for iodine and methylene blue of as-prepared activated carbon were evaluated.It indicated that the optimum conditions were as follows： the K2C2O4/precursor impregnation ratio of 1.5,activation temperature of 800℃ and activation time of 120 min.The SBET,total pore volume and micropore volume of activated carbon were 1 195 m2/g,0.60 cm3/g and 0.41cm3/g,respectively.The pore structure parameters,microscopic morphology and surface functional groups of the prepared activated carbon were characterized by specific surface auto-analyzer,FE-SEM and FT-IR analysis.FE-SEM observation results showed that the activated carbon was characteristic of developed pore structure with a significant number of mesopores.