中文摘要：

针对工程实际中的螺栓松动问题,基于压电陶瓷片激发的超声波通过粗糙接触界面后的能量损耗变化与螺栓预紧力的关系,提出了一种螺栓联接结构压电主动式健康监测的方法。通过有限元法模拟了超声波通过螺栓联接界面的传播过程,分析了超声波通过联接界面后的波能损耗变化,并进行实验验证。结果表明：随着预紧力的增加,超声波通过联接界面后的波能损耗减小,波能损耗与预紧力呈单调变化关系。利用该性质监测螺栓联接松动具有很好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

For the problems of bolt preload testing and bolt loosening monitoring in engineering practice, a new method of Piezoelectric active health monitoring of bolt connection structure is put forward. It based on the relationship between the change of the energy loss of the ultrasonic wave and the bolt preload force. The ultrasonic wave excited by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet which has passed through the rough contact interface. The propagation of the ultrasonic wave in the bolt connection interface is simulated by the finite element method. Analyzed the energy loss of the ultrasonic wave after it passed through the rough contact interface. And conduct the experimental verificatiorgy. The results show that with the increasing of the preload, the energy loss of the ultrasonic wave is decreased. The relationship between the wave energy loss and the preload is monotonic. It has a good application prospect to use this property to monitor bolt connection.