中文摘要：

【目的】研究黄河流域棉区不同纤维颜色棉花品种品质差异及棉铃在发育进程中生理活性变化,探索其品质形成的主要时期和相关影响因素,为彩色棉的品质改良提供理论依据。【方法】在大田试验条件下,以彩色棉品种中棉所51号（浅棕,CCRI 51,杂交棉）、中棉所81号（深棕,CCRI 81）、中棉所82号（深绿,CCRI82）和普通棉（简称白棉,CK）国欣棉3号（GX 3）为试验材料,对各小区棉株中部第5—6果枝的一、二果节当日花进行挂牌,于收获期测定其纤维品质,并在花后10、15、20、30、40 d（days post anthesis,DPA）取挂牌棉铃,分别测定铃壳、棉籽、棉纤维的可溶性蛋白质含量、过氧化物酶（POD）活性、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量以及棉纤维的纤维素含量,研究不同颜色棉花品种纤维品质差异及棉铃发育特点,并对二者进行相关性分析。【结果】纤维上半部平均长度、整齐度指数以及断裂比强度三个指标均以杂交彩色棉（浅棕棉）最高,常规陆地棉三个指标的高低顺序为：白棉〉深棕棉〉深绿棉。白棉铃壳各时期可溶性蛋白质含量均显著高于彩色棉品种,各品种各时期差异均达到显著水平;白棉棉纤维可溶性蛋白质含量最大下降幅度时期为前期（10—20 DPA,降幅66.67%）,而彩色棉品种为后期（20—40 DPA,降幅为23.08%—61.19%）。各品种铃壳POD活性在花后10—20 DPA均有所上升,其中以深绿棉品种上升幅度最高,白棉和浅棕棉铃壳POD活性在10 DPA时显著高于深棕棉和深绿棉。白棉在10 DPA时铃壳和棉籽SOD活性均为最高,两棕色棉铃壳SOD活性在棉铃发育过程中均呈逐渐增加趋势;浅棕棉棉籽SOD活性在30—40 DPA时提高了53.18%,显著高于其他品种;深绿棉棉纤维SOD活性降低时期出现得较其他品种早10 d。白棉棉籽MDA含量在花后20—30 DPA时下降,而彩色棉均升高。浅棕棉纤维素快

英文摘要：

【Objective】To research the differences of colored cotton fiber quality and variation in physiological activities of boll development, an experiment was conducted to explore the main period and related influencing factors of fiber quality formation in the Yellow River Valley cotton-farming region of China. This study will provide a theoretical basis for quality improvement of colored cotton. 【Method】In field conditions, three colored cotton varieties, Zhongmian 51（light brown, CCRI51, hybrid cotton）, Zhongmian 81（dark brown, CCRI81）, Zhongmian 82（dark green, CCRI82）, and one ordinary white cotton variety Guoxin 3（GX3） were used as experimental materials. The cotton flowers grown at 1-2 nodes of 5-6 fruit branches were marked in each district on the same day. Then, fiber quality of the marked bolls was tested at harvest time. In addition, the marked bolls were divided into boll shell, cotton seed and fiber in the 10 DPA（days post anthesis）, 20 DPA, 30 DPA, 40 DPA, separately. For each organ of the marked bolls, indexes such as soluble protein content, POD activity, SOD activity, MDA content, and cellulose content of cotton fiber were measured. And fiber qualities, bolls＇ development characteristics of different varieties, and the correlation between both were studied.【Result】CCRI 51, as a hybrid cotton variety, had the highest upper fiber length, uniformity, and strength. And the order of that of the other conventional cotton was GX 3〉CCRI 81〉 CCRI 82. Micronaire value of GX 3 was significantly higher than that of the other cotton varieties. Soluble protein content in boll shell of GX 3 was higher than that in the other varieties in the boll development. Meanwhile, a significant difference was observed among varieties in each period. The largest decreased ratio of fiber soluble protein content of GX 3 appeared in the early time after flowering（10-20 DPA, 66.67%）. However, for the other varieties, it appeared at the later stage after flowering（20-40 DPA, 23.08%-61.19%）.