中文摘要：

采用线粒体控制区（807bp）序列分析对中国境内斑背大尾驾3个繁殖种群及1个越冬种群的遗传多样性及种群遗传结构,结果表明：斑背大尾莺的单倍型歧义度（Hd）为0.759±0.056,核苷酸多样性较（π）为0.002。三个地理种群的FST值以及繁殖种群同越冬种群之间的ΦST值表明不同地理单元之间无显著遗传分化。对不同单倍型的聚类分析（UPGMA）结果以及网络图（Network picture）结果也支持不同种群之间无显著分化。分子变异分析 （AMOVA）显示斑背大尾莺汉口亚种不同地理种群间遗传差异不大,98.5%的差异源自种群内部,仅1.5%源自种群间。中性检验结果Fu’sFS值为负值,错配分布分析结果呈单峰,表明斑背大尾驾在我国的进化史经历了种群扩张。这一假设也得到Tajima’D检验和Fu’s检验结果的支持（D=-1.80,p=0.02;Fs=-22.11,p=0.001）,该扩张大约发生在28,700年前。

英文摘要：

We used sequences of mitochondrial control region （807bp） in 75 samples from three breeding colonies and one wintering population to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Marsh Grassbird （Locustella pryeri sinensis） in different regions of China. Marsh Grassbird retained a moderate amount of haplotype （0.759 ± 0.056） and nucleotide diversity （0.002）. The results of FST among 3 phy-logeographic units and ФST between breeding and wintering sites revealed little evidence of genetic distinction between different colonies. Neither UPGMA tree structure analysis nor Network picture analysis showed obvious divergence between populations at different locations. Analysis of molecular variance also showed a lack of regional subdivision within Locustella pryeri sinesis, 98.5% of source of variation within populations and only 1.5% among populations. The neutrality test showed negative Fu’s FS value, which, in combination with detection of the mismatch distribution, suggested that population expansion occurred in the evolu-tionary history of this species. This hypothesis was further supported by Tajima’s D test and Fu’s test （D = -1.80, p = 0.02; Fs = -22.11, p = 0.001）, this expansion was estimated to occur about 28,700 years ago.