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中文摘要：
酸催化反应是化工领域中最重要的反应之一。本项目针对应用最广泛的沸石分子筛酸催化剂一些弱点，选择具有代表性的硫酸氧化锆、氧化铌、杂多酸和层状膦酸盐为研究对象，发展设计新型固体酸的制备方法和表征技术，为固体酸取代现有液体酸工业催化剂及开发新型固体酸提供重要的基础研究信息。本项目通过掺杂改性和制备方法的改进提高了SO42-/MxOy型固体超强酸的酸性及催化活性，通过溶胶-凝胶合成得到了多种具有介观形貌、比表面高、耐水性优异的氧化铌，发展了酸性可调的多组分杂多酸盐固相制备法，开展了晶态多酸配位聚合催化材料的设计合成和催化性能的研究，实现了新型层状结构磷酸盐固体酸催化剂的活性位组装和层板结构的调控，探索了一种酸碱探针分子联合表征催化剂表面酸碱性的方法。
结论摘要：
英文主题词solid acidic catalysts; preparation; catalytic reactions; characterization; mechanism
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