中文摘要：

大豆卵磷脂是大豆油精炼过程中毛油水化脱胶的副产物,是脂肪酸甘油酯通过磷酸根与胆碱连接而成的化合物,因其结构中含有磷酸根、胆碱构成的亲水基团和脂肪酸链构成的疏水基团,成为一种优良的天然乳化剂,广泛应用于食品、饲料、化妆品等许多领域。此外,卵磷脂还具有降低胆固醇,提高血清中胆碱水平,增强记忆力的作用,被用于医药领域。于是,有关卵磷脂提取的研究深受重视。本文以大豆粉末磷脂为原料,利用单因素实验研究了浸提时间、乙醇浓度、浸提温度、乙醇用量和浸提次数对卵磷脂得率的影响,结合正交实验优化得出大豆卵磷脂的最佳提取工艺：在10m L/g粉末磷脂的95%的乙醇中,35℃下,浸提25min,大豆卵磷脂得率可达35.1%。该项研究为大豆卵磷脂的工业化生产提供理论依据。

英文摘要：

Lecithin is a by-product in the processing of crude soybean oil.The structure of lecithin has both a polar phosphorus group as well as a non-polar lipid component to provide the good emulsifying capacity which can applied in many areas,such as food,feed,cosmetics,etc.Moreover,lecithin could lower cholesterol,raise the level of choline in serum and enhance the memory,which is a good candidate used in medicine.Therefore,study of the extracting process of soybean lecithin has been widely paid attention.The preparation process of soybean lecithin extracted from soybean powder phospholipids by ethanol was studied in this paper.The influencing factors such as extracting time,ethanol concentration,temperature,ethanol volume and the times of extraction on the yield of soybean lecithin were determined through single factor test.Moreover the optimal process parameters were optimized by orthogonal experiment.The results showed that 10 m L of 95% ethanol per gram soybean powder phospholipids at 35℃ extracted for 25 min,the yield of soybean lecithin was 35.1%.These results provide significance references to the industrial production of soybean lecithin.