中文摘要：

大秦线是我国主要的运煤通道,承担大运量煤炭运输任务。为保证大秦线煤炭运输质量,针对大秦线冬季煤炭运输发生冻车后卸车困难问题,运用因果分析法,深入剖析冻车产生的原因及造成的危害,有针对性地提出防范措施,并在煤炭运输过程中组织实施,即严格控制煤炭含水率、提高防冻液喷洒质量、缩短煤炭在途运输时间、提高源头装车质量、建立防冻车应急机制,确保港口卸车站的卸车效率,对煤炭、矿粉等含水率较大的散堆装货物冬季运输防冻工作具有指导作用。

英文摘要：

Datong-Qinhuangdao line is the main coal transportation corridor in China,which undertakes the task of large-volume coal transportation.In order to ensure the transportation quality of DatongQinhuangdao line,targeting with the problems existing in difficult unloading caused by vehicle freezing during coal transportation on the line in Winter,by using causal method,this paper discusses the reasons of occurring vehicle freezing and the hazards it caused,and makes targeted references to the prevention measures that are implemented in the coal transportation process,such as strictly controlling moisture content of coal,increasing spray quality of antifreeze fluid,shortening coal transportation time in transit,increasing quality of original loading,establishing emergency mechanism of vehicle ant-freezing and ensuring unloading efficiency in port of the unloading station.All of these have guiding roles on antifreezing works during transporting the bulk cargo of large moisture content（like coal and powdered ore） in winter.