中文摘要：

随着极化测量技术的飞速发展，具有全极化测量或极化捷变能力的极化合成孔径雷达（PolSAR）迅速成为SAR发展的主流，针对PolSAR的研究已成为国际雷达系统与技术发展的前沿课题。PolSAR有机地综合了高分辨成像技术和全极化测量的优点，非常适合用于目标的精细刻画，在军用、民用领域都有着广阔的应用前景。该文综述了世界上主要PolSAR系统的发展概况，指出了PolSAR系统与技术的发展趋势以及未来PolSAR研究的一些热点问题。

英文摘要：

Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar（PolSAR）, with ability of full polarization measurment or polarization agile, has been becoming one mainstream of SAR with the development of radar polarization technology. The research on PolSAR has received intensive attention in recent years. PolSAR has a very promising prospect both in military and civil applications because it can provide superiorities of both polarization and high-resolution, In this paper, the development of worldwide PolSAR systems is reviewed. On the basis, the development trend and application prospect of PolSAR are presented.