中文摘要：

【目的】盐胁迫是限制新疆番茄生长的重要障碍因子之一,而外源喷施谷胱甘肽（GSH）是解决这一问题的有效措施。探讨外源GSH缓解番茄盐胁迫的效应和作用机制,可为该措施的有效应用提供理论依据。【方法】采用营养液栽培法,选用番茄品种‘中蔬四号’为试材。在营养液中加入Na Cl 100 mg/L,使其产生盐胁迫,以不加Na Cl作为对照（CK）,试验处理包括不喷施GSH（Na Cl）、喷施GSH（^＋GSH）、喷施GSH合成酶抑制剂（^＋BSO）以及喷施GSH和BSO（^＋BSO^＋GSH）。测定番茄幼苗叶片和根系中与耐盐性相关的K^＋、Ca^（2＋）、Mg^（2＋）、Na^＋和Cl^–的离子微域分布状态和平衡。【结果】Na Cl胁迫下番茄叶片和根系所有组织细胞中Na^＋和Cl^–相对含量显著提高,K^＋相对含量和K^＋/Na^＋、Ca^（2＋）/Na^＋、K^＋/Cl^–比值降低,说明Na Cl胁迫使细胞中Na^＋和Cl^–有害离子积累及胞内离子稳态严重破坏;外源BSO施用进一步加剧了Na Cl胁迫下番茄叶片和根系细胞的K^＋/Na^＋失衡。而外源GSH施用抑制了Na Cl胁迫下番茄叶片和根系对Na^＋的吸收,降低了Cl^–的相对含量,提高了K^＋/Na^＋、Ca^（2＋）/Na^＋、K^＋/Cl^–比值。外源GSH亦使Na Cl^＋BSO胁迫下番茄叶片各组织及根系中皮层、内皮层和中柱的Na^＋未检出,根系和叶片各组织中Cl^–相对含量显著降低,K^＋和Ca^（2＋）相对含量及K^＋/Na^＋、Ca^（2＋）/Na^＋、K^＋/Cl^–、Ca^（2＋）/Cl^–比值显著提高。【结论】外源GSH通过抑制盐胁迫下番茄叶片和根系对Na^＋的吸收,降低Cl^–吸收,改善细胞中离子的微域分布和维持离子平衡,从而缓解了盐胁迫对番茄的毒害作用,提高了番茄的耐盐性。

英文摘要：

[ Objectives ] NaC1 stress is one of the major obstacles during tomato growth in Xinjiang, and glutathione （GSH） spray has been considered as an effective solution. Exploring the effect and mechanism of exogenous GSH on alleviating salt stress in tomato will provide theoretical basis for the efficient use of GSH. [ Methods ] A hydroponic experiment was conducted and tomato （Solanum lycopersicum L.） cv. Zhongshu No. 4 was used as experimental material. 100 mg/L NaC1 was added into the nutrition solution to form NaC1 stress growth condition. The solution without NaC1 was used as control （CK）, and the main treatments included no glutathione spraying （NaCl）, GSH spraying （＋ GSH）, glutathione synthesis inhibitor spraying （＋ BSO） and both GSH＋BSO spraying （＋ BSO ＋ GSH）. The ion micro-distribution status and balance of K＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na＋ and Cl- in leaf and root of tomato seedlings were measured. [ Results ] Under NaCl stress condition, both Na＋ and Clcontents were increased significantly, and the K＋ content and the ratios of K＋/Na＋, CaWNa＋ and K＋/Cl- were decreased in all the cells of leaf and root of tomato seedlings. It indicated that NaCI stress caused the plant accumulation of harmful ions Na＋ and Cl- and the serious damage of intracellular ions steady status in the cells of leaf and root of tomato seedlings. The application of exogenous BSO further intensified the off-balance of the ratio of K~/Na＋ in leaf and root of tomato seedlings under NaC1 stress. While the application of exogenous GSH inhibited the absorption ofNa＋ and significantly decreased the relative content of C1- and increased the ratios of K~/Na~, CaWNa＋ and K~/C1- in leaf and root of tomato seedlings under NaC1 stress. Under salt stress with BSO treatments, the application of exogenous GSH also greatly inhibited the absorption ofNa~ and resulted in the relative content of Na＋ in cells of all tissues of leaf and in mediopellis, endodermis and stele of tomato root was below the d