中文摘要：

目的研究五种常用β-受体阻断药物（比索洛尔、普萘洛尔、索他洛尔、阿替洛尔和美托洛尔）对大型蚤（Daphnia magna）的毒理学效应。方法根据OECD操作规程，开展5种目标药物对大型蚤的48h毒性实验，获得各药物的半数抑制浓度EC50。再对48h毒性效应较强的两种药物开展21d毒性实验，考察相关生理学指标的变化。结果5种药物的48h半数抑制浓度EC50为6-169mg／L。其毒性顺序为普萘洛尔〉比索洛尔〉索他洛尔〉阿替洛尔〉美托洛尔。普萘洛尔和比索洛尔的21d毒性试验结果表明两种药物对大型蚤的生理指标均存在毒理学效应，包括怀卵和产蚤时间延迟、产蚤数减少及体长缩短等。结论β-受体阻断药物对大型蚤（Daphnia magna）存在毒理学效应，加强该类药物的使用和管理具有现实的生态毒理学意义。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the toxicity of 5 β-adrenergic receptor blockers （bisoprolol, propranolol, sotalol, atenolol and metoprolol） to crustacean Daphnia magna. Methods The EC50 of five β-adrenergic receptor blockers were evaluated on the 48 h toxicity experiments according to the standard protocol established by OECD. The two strongest toxic blockers were chosen to study the 21 day toxicity to physiological change of daphnia. Results The EC50 of five β-adrenergic receptor blockers were 6-169 mg/L. The toxicities （48 h ECso value, mg/L） in decreasing order were propranolol, bisoprolol, sotalol, atenolol and metoprolol. The 21 day toxicity study showed both propranolol and bisoprolol owning toxic effects to daphnia. The physiological change include the delay of first pregnancy and first brood, decrease of the number of broods per female and shorten of body length. Conclusion Since the β-adrenergic receptor blockers were toxicity to Daphnia magna which was a commonly used test animal in aquatic toxicology, the management of these medicines should be concern on the ecotoxicology.