中文摘要：

目的探索海马神经干细胞在特定条件下分化成γ-氨基丁酸能神经元的情况，为颞叶癫痫的细胞替代学治疗奠定基础。方法新生大鼠海马组织中的神经干细胞在体外增殖后，加入特定的细胞因子进行诱导，使其向γ-氨基丁酸能神经元分化，对分化的细胞进行神经元烯醇化酶（NSE）、微管相关蛋白（MAP-2）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和半乳糖脑苷脂酶（GalC）免疫荧光染色鉴定，判断其分化成γ-氨基丁酸能神经元的情况。结果海马神经干细胞诱导贴壁后即发生分化，其中几乎全部分化成神经元（γ-氨基丁酸能神经元），只有极少的胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞形成。结论从海马神经干细胞中几乎可以完全诱导形成γ-氨基丁酸能神经元，这为颞叶癫痫的细胞替代学治疗奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore differentiation induction of neural stem cells into γ-aminobutyrie acidergic neurons. Methods Neural stem cells were obtained from hippocampus of rat ＂and induced to differentiate into γ-aminobutyric acidergic neurons by adding cytokines. The differentiated cells were identified by the immunofluorescence of neuron specific enolase （ NSE ）, mierotubule-associated protein-2 （ MAP-2 ）, γ- aminobutyric acid （GABA）, glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and galaetocerebrosidase （GalC）. Results Among the differentiated cell types, almost all the cells were γ-aminobutyric aeidergic neurons. Only a small amount of qlial cells and oligodendrocytes were present. Conclusion Neural stem cells from hippocampus can be totally induced to differentiate into γ-arninobutyric acidergic neurons, which brings a new hope in treating temporal epilepsy by transplantation of neural stem cells.