中文摘要：

目的：建立胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型,比较胰岛素抵抗及雌激素水平增高对子宫内膜增殖的影响。方法：给予性成熟的Sprague Dawley大鼠高脂饮食以建立胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型,40周后对大鼠行去势手术后,灌胃给予大鼠17β-雌二醇4周。无胰岛素抵抗大鼠为对照组。通过测定葡萄糖耐量、胰岛素耐量、胰岛素抵抗指数、血脂等确定胰岛素抵抗。通过阴道脱落细胞巴氏染色判断雌激素的作用,HE染色检测实验组与对照组大鼠子宫内膜增殖的情况。结果：高脂饮食大鼠的葡萄糖耐量、胰岛素耐量试验曲线下面积及胰岛素抵抗指数均增加。给予雌激素后,阴道脱落细胞巴氏染色可见成熟阴道上皮细胞,HE染色可见子宫内膜厚度明显增加;与无胰岛素抵抗的大鼠相比,有胰岛素抵抗的大鼠子宫内膜出现鳞状细胞化生比例大,子宫间质中嗜酸性粒细胞增多。结论：胰岛素抵抗大鼠发生子宫内膜增殖时更易发生子宫内膜鳞状细胞化生,这一现象可能与体内高胰岛素水平有关。

英文摘要：

Objective： To compare the effect of insulin resistance and high level of estrogen on endometrium in insulin resistance rat model. Methods： Female Sprague-Dawley rats were given high fat diet to induce insulin resistance for 40 weeks.Rats were then ovariectomized and administered with 17-β estradiol.Rats under sham operation were used as control group.Insulin resistance was confirmed by glucose tolerance test,insulin tolerance and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index and blood lipid profile.The effect of estrogen was confirmed by Papanicolaou staining. Endometrial hyperplasia was detected by histopathology. Results： The area under curve of glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance and HOMA-IR was higher in rats with high fat diet. After administrated with estradiol,mature vaginal epithelial cell and endometrial hyperplasia were observed.Compared with rats with normal glucose metabolism,the percentage of squamous epithelial metaplasia was increased in rats with insulin resistance. Hypereosinophilia was observed endometrial stroma.Conclusion： Hyperinsulinemia might be related to endometrial hyperplasia and squamous epithelial metaplasia.