中文摘要：

摘　要应用淡水沉积物磷形态的标准测试方法（SMT）,调查了太湖富营养程度不同的5个湖区沉积物中的磷形态分布及其垂向变化特征.结果表明,太湖各湖区沉积物中总磷（TP）和磷形态空间差异性较大,活性组分（Fe/Al-P）分布的差异性要大于活性较差的组分（Ca-P和OP）,这与太湖不同湖区水动力条件,污染状况及沉积环境的有关.TP的平均含量为606.6～1 691.8 mg·kg^-1,高营养程度的北部湖区高于其他湖区.无机磷（IP）是各湖区沉积物中磷的主要成分,占TP的54.7%～81.0%.在富营养程度高的藻型湖区梅梁湾,Fe/Al-P是磷的主要存在形态（＞58.3%）,远高于Ca-P（＜25%）和OP（＜20%）;而在水质较好的草型湖区东太湖,则以有机磷（OP）（43%）为主;在中营养的贡湖,各形态磷比例相当.在垂向分布上,各形态磷都有一定的变化规律,但在不同湖区,不同磷形态的变化趋势不同.

英文摘要：

Distribution and vertical variation of phosphorus fractions in the sediment cores from five different regions of Taihu Lake were analyzed, using the standard measurement and test （SMT） procedure of phosphorus forms in the freshwater sediments. Great space diversity of total phosphorus （TP） and phosphorus fractions in sediment in Taihu Lake was observed. The discrepancy of active species （Fe/A1-P） was greater than that of the inert ones （Ca-P and OP）, which related with the differences of ecosystem condition, pollutant discharge and hydrodynamic condition in different regions. The mean concentrations of TP in the sediments core ranged from 606.6 mg·kg^-1 to 1 691.8 mg·kg^-1, and the TP contents in the sediments of the north area of Lake Taihu which was in hypereutrophic state were higher than those in other areas. The P- fractional composition showed that the sediments were dominated by the inorg-P fraction （IP） in all cases, accounting for 54.7% to 81.0% of TP. Fe/A1-P in the sediments of Meiliang Lake region was the dominated fraction, accounting for more than 58.3% of TP and was far higher than Ca-P（〈25%） and OP（〈20%）, while, in Dongtaihu area, a macrophyte dominance aquatic ecosystem, the OP （about 43% of TP） was the main fraction. No great difference was found in the amount of phosphorus fractions in Gonghu sediments. The vertical variation of the phosphorus fractions in the sediments varied with different sites.