中文摘要：

磷化氢是磷循环的气相载体,已被确认为环境中普遍存在的痕量气体.以富营养化湖泊的沉积物湿样为培养底物,采用室内模拟的方法,研究了外加的不同含磷化合物（卵磷脂和磷酸二氢钾）转化为磷化氢的难易程度和可能性.结果发现：无机磷作为磷化氢前体物的可能性最大,有机磷作为磷化氢前体物的可能性还有待于进一步考察.添加不同含磷物质及空白样品的实验中,沉积物吸附态磷化氢含量与顶空磷化氢气体具有时间和含量上的一致性,表明顶空磷化氢的排放量很大程度上取决于沉积物吸附态磷化氢的量,沉积物对磷化氢有强烈的吸附作用,培养过程中释放到顶空的游离磷化氢仅占很小一部分（通常为吸附态磷化氢的1/10000）.

英文摘要：

Phosphine （PH3）, a volatile constituent of the global biogeochemical phosphorus cycle, has been found worldwide in the environment. It exists in two different forms ; free gaseous phosphine and matrix bound phosphine. Free gaseous phosphine has been detected in marsh gas, biogases from landfills, communal waste, animal slurry, paddy fields, river and lake sediments, and even in remote atmospheric air. Matrix bound phosphine has been defined as phosphine bound to condensed environmental samples （such as marine sediments, harbor sludge, animal manure, human faces, etc. ）, which can be liberated by acids or alkaline digestion. The discovery of phosphine will throw new light on the mechanisms of phosphorus supplement and biogeochemical cycle. Phosphine can easily transfer into water or air from solid-phase, which is oxidized in air to return to earth as a significant flux of phosphate. Since phosphine is ultimately converted into phosphate after complex oxidation through hypophosphite and phosphite, if it were released from lake sediments it possibly play a role in eutrophication. Gaseous phosphine could be an important pathway for phosphorus transport within and out of eutrophicated lakes. It is thought that phosphine can be formed as a reduction product of phosphate compounds. However, the mechanism for the formation of the detected phosphine is still, under debated, while phosphine evolution has been reported from microbial habitats, so far no correlation between microbial growth and phosphine production has been established. Neither the culture in which phosphine was detected in the gas space has been specified nor has the origin of the phosphine detected been looked for. Laboratory experiments were carried out to study precursors resposible for phosphine formation in eutrophicated lake sediments from Lake Wulongtan. Two typcial phosphorus compounds （organic phosphates （lecithin） and inorganic phosphates （KH2PO4）） were added independently to closed anaerobe batch-fermentation bottles. Result