中文摘要：

海量观测数据及次生数据的高效存储与检索,天文大数据的快速及时处理,加速天文学研究的科学产出等问题,已成为天文观测和天文研究迫切需要解决的难题。以信息技术为支撑的天文大数据的高效分析和处理,帮助天文学家重新审视和了解宇宙。虚拟天文台的出现为全球范围内研究资源的无缝透明连接提供了协议、标准,以协议为基础规范了天文数据的发布与检索方式。以国内外现有的观测设备为基础,综述目前主流天文机构的数据发布与检索相关情况。

英文摘要：

Astronomical big data becomes the challenges for astronomy research. The challenges include how to archive, query and manage the massive observational and processed data efficiently and timely, how to accelerate the output of astronomy research. Analysis and management of the big astronomical data based on information technologies will help the astronomers to understand our universe. The Virtual Observatory （VO） provides protocols and standards on linking global astronomical data seamlessly and transparently, and VO protocols normalized publish and query methods of astronomical data. This paper summarizes astronomical data release and retrieval of global observation facilities from mainstream observatories.