中文摘要：

以聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚（OP）为表面活性剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为油相构筑的反相微乳液合成纳米Ag Cl粒子,然后通过微乳液聚合制备Ag Cl/PMMA复合胶乳。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV-vis）和透射电镜（TEM）研究微乳液中表面活性剂浓度（cop）、水相中盐浓度（csalt）对纳米Ag Cl粒子的形成及形貌影响,结果发现合成的Ag Cl粒子近似球状,粒径在5 nm左右;在反相微乳液中随cop、csalt的增加,形成的纳米Ag Cl粒子数增多、平均粒径有所减小。Ag Cl/PMMA复合胶乳对大肠杆菌表现出明显的抗菌活性。通过反相微乳液及其聚合技术制备包含有纳米Ag Cl的复合胶乳,方法简便、易于放大,所制备的Ag Cl/PMMA复合胶乳作为抗菌剂具有良好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Composites containing silver halide nanoparticles have attracted great interest as potential antibacterial materials. Ag Cl nanoparticles were synthesized in W/O microemulsion using octylphenylpolyethylene glycol（OP） as the emulsifier and methyl methacrylate（MMA） as the oil phase. Ag Cl/PMMA complex latex was prepared via in situ microemulsion polymerization. Effects of surfactant（cOP） and salt（csalt） concentration on the formation and morphology of Ag Cl nanoparticles were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectrum and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of Ag Cl/PMMA latex was evaluated against E. coli. The results show that the Ag Cl nanoparticles prepared were spherical with a mean diameter of about 5 nm. The increase of cOP and csalt promotes the formation of Ag Cl nanoparticles with smaller diameter in the W/O microemulsion, which provide the Ag Cl/PMMA latex good antibacterial activity. This simple and mild preparation method can be easily applied in an industrial scale process. Therefore, the Ag Cl/PMMA latex prepared is a novel antibacterial latex with great potentially applications.