中文摘要：

为了探索生态覆盖系统的合理设计,利用非压实覆盖土层储蓄降水、依靠植物的蒸腾和土壤蒸发消耗土壤水从而控制渗沥污染,在武汉大学灌溉排水与水环境综合试验场开展了不同组合覆盖形式的渗沥控制试验,并对生态覆盖系统进行非饱和水运动数值模拟和水量平衡分析,结果表明,适合于生态覆盖的土壤类型为壤土和粘壤土,覆盖土层填筑密度宜在1.1～1.5 g/cm3之间,武汉地区气候条件下的覆盖土层厚度应为120～140 cm,合理的植被形式是深根型灌木和草的混合种植。

英文摘要：

Conventional cover systems of waste landfills rely on barrier layers made of compacted clay,geosynthetics and geomembranes,either alone or in combination.Although barrier-type cover systems are sometimes described as impermeable,in practice it is intend to fail due to subsidence caused by waste decay,water and wind erosion,wet-dry cycles,freeze-thaw cycles,ultraviolet degradation and intrusion by burrowing animals.An ecological cover system consists of a uncompacted soil layer covered by native plants,which acts not as a barrier,but as a reservoir that stores moisture during precipitation events,and then releases it back to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration.Ecological cover systems are more inexpensive,easily constructed and maintained than conventional cover systems.To search reasonable design of ecological cover systems,percolation control experiments of different cover systems were implemented in Comprehensive Experimental Station of Water Environment of Wuhan University,unsaturated flow analyses and water balance calculations of different ecological cover systems were conducted,the results showed that the soils suitable for ecological covers are loam and clayey loam with soil bulk densities between 1.1 and 1.5 g/cm3,required soil thickness for Wuhan region should be 120～140 cm,the reasonable vegetation type is an mixture of deep-rooted grasses and shrubs.