中文摘要：

垃圾填埋场的传统覆盖形式为压实黏土、土工合成材料、土工膜或由这些材料组合而成的屏障型覆盖系统,由于垃圾降解和固结沉陷等原因,几乎所有屏障型覆盖系统在长期使用过程中都可能破坏失效。近年来,腾发覆盖作为一种替代覆盖技术在美国的垃圾填埋场得到广泛应用。腾发覆盖由一层植被土构成,它利用非压实土层储蓄渗入的降水、依靠植物的蒸腾和土壤蒸发消耗土壤水,从而实现渗沥污染控制。腾发覆盖的植被宜采用灌木和草皮混合形式,覆盖土层宜采用壤土或黏壤土,土体密度宜为1.1～1.5g/cm3,土层厚度取决于植被和当地气候。腾发覆盖是一种经济、实用、易于建造和维护的生态覆盖技术,但不宜用于蒸发量∶降水量〈1.2的沿海地区。

英文摘要：

Conventional covers at landfill site rely on barrier-type covers made of compacted clay, geosynthetics and geomembranes, either alone or in combination. However, nearly all barrier-type covers tend to fail during the long-term application due to waste degradation and subsidence. In recent years, an alternative cover, the evapotranspiration （ET） cover is widely adopted in rehabilitation of American landfill sites. The ET cover consists of an uncompacted soil layer covered by native plants, percolation control in an ET cover system relies on the storage of moisture within the cover soil during precipitation events and subsequently returns it to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration to realize the leachate pollution control. The vegetation growing on the ET cover should be a mixture of brushes and grasses, loam and clayey loam are appropriate for ET cover, soil bulk densities should be between 1.1 g/cm^3 and 1.5 g/cm^3, and the required soil thickness depends on the climate and the plants. An ET cover system is an inexpensive, practical, easily constructed and maintained biological system, but it is inappropriate for use in coastal areas where the evaporation-to-precipitation ratio is less than 1.2.