中文摘要：

目的：了解我国农村居民首诊机构的选择及其影响因素，为完善农村地区首诊制度的相关政策提供依据。方法：抽取我国东、中、西部福建、河南、青海3省各2个县共计6县区农村居民开展问卷调查，采用单因素卡方检验和Logistic回归分析进行数据分析。结果：农村居民首诊选择基层医疗机构占比为69．7％；不同地区、不同文化程度、不同收入来源、健康状况与是否患有慢病等因素对居民首诊机构的选择有影响（P〈0．05）；农村居民选择首诊机构更看重医疗服务质量与方便及时性，而不是费用相关因素。结论：农村居民选择基层医疗机构首诊占主导，自我健康意识逐渐成为影响其选择的主要因素。更注重医疗服务可及性与医疗服务质量。

英文摘要：

Objective： To understand rural residents＇ choice of their first contact health sectors and the contributory factors of it, so as to provide evidence for the development of First Visit Care system in rural areas in China. Methods： Residents from 6 counties separately from east, west and middle part of China were selected for a survey. Variance test and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results： The percentage of rural residents choosing primary health care as first contact is 69.7%. Factors affecting people＇s choice are district, education, source of incomes, health condition and chronic disease （P〈0.05）. Rural residents would value more importance in the quality of care and accessibility rather than the costs. Conclusion ： Grassroots medical institutions dominate in rural residents＇ choice of first diagnosed institutions. The residents＇ self-health awareness gradually become the main factors affecting the choice of the residents. Their choices of first contact sectors are based on the quality of care and accessibility.