中文摘要：

针对目前地铁车辆称质量过程中检测的车辆质量与实际载质量存在较大误差的问题，通过对地铁车辆称质量过程进行分析，分别推导了空气弹簧的静态、动态气压-负载关系式，其中动态气压-负载曲线考虑了空气弹簧工作过程中的充、排气过程。以北京地铁大兴线4号线065车体为例，分别采用静态和动态气压-负载特性曲线对车体质量进行计算，通过与真实车体质量对比，表明本文推导的动态气压-负载特性曲线更加接近于实际情况，可以大幅减小地铁车辆称质量误差。

英文摘要：

According to the disparity existed between the test value and the real value in metro vehicles weighing system, the process of the metro vehicles weighing was analyzed and equations about the static and dynamic rela- tion between the internal pressure and load were presented, respectively. Thereinto, the dynamic equation con- sidered the processes of air spring charging and discharging. Taking the No. 065 compartment of Beijing Daxing line for an example, the static and dynamic equation were employed to calculate the compartment value, respec- tively. A comparison of the results obtained by these two equations shows that dynamic equation is more close to the actual situation and can be used to sharply decline the test error.