中文摘要：

通过构建包含单一供应商、单一制造商与单一零售商的三级供应链模型,在给出均衡解的同时着重考察制造商生产率与供应商成本参数对供应链下中央决策与分散决策绩效差异的影响,并考察这两个参数对不同决策机制下的最优价格、最优产出、最优利润的影响。结果表明中央决策与分散决策的利润差与制造商生产率正相关,而与供应商成本参数负相关;制造商生产率的提高在降低制造商与零售商定价的同时将导致上游供应商提高定价,而各参与成员的定价均与供应商成本参数正相关;制造商生产率的提高将导致制造商的产出增加,而对供应商产出的影响则不确定,但两者的产出均与供应商成本参数负相关,中央决策下亦有类似结论。本文进行的相应的数值分析进一步验证了理论分析的结果。

英文摘要：

This paper constructs a three-level supply chain model, which includes a single supplier, a single manufacturer and a single retailer. Firstly, the equilibrium solutions are given. In addition, the paper investigated the effects of manufacturer＇s productivity and the parameter of supplier＇s cost function on central decision-making and decentralized decision-making, and the effects of these two parameters on optimal price, optimal output and optimal profit under different decision mechanisms. The results show that the profit difference between central and decentralized decision-making is positively related to the manufacturer productivity, but is negatively related to supplier cost parameter; the improvement of manufacturer productivity will reduce the prices of manufacturer and retailer, and it will lead to increasing of the price of upstream supplier, however, the price of each member is positively related to the cost parameter of supplier ; the improvement of manufacturer productivity will lead to an increase of manufacturer output, and the impact on supplier output is uncertain, however, both outputs are negatively related to the cost parameter of supplier. There are similar conclu- sions under central decision-making. The corresponding numerical analysis verifies the results of theoretical analysis.