中文摘要：

高迁移率族蛋白A1（high mobility group protein A1,HMGA1）作为基因激活的特定辅助因子,其本身并没有转录作用,而是通过DNA-蛋白质促进基因转录的稳定性这一机制来激活启动子。HMGA1可通过影响胰岛素受体及胰岛素样生长因子1受体的表达及其信号转导,导致胰岛素的分泌减少及脂肪细胞的分化不良,从而出现胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的表型。然而,HMGA1缺失的小鼠模型却表现出对胰岛素高度敏感。人与小鼠的外周组织对胰岛素敏感性上的差异可能与视黄醇结合蛋白有关。

英文摘要：

High mobility group protein A1（HMGA1）,as a specific cofactor for gene activation,has no intrinsic transcriptional activity alone.However,it can activate promoters through mechanisms to maintain the stability of stereospecific DNA-protein complexes for gene transcription.HMGA1,by affecting the expression of insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor,can reduce insulin secretion and impair adipocyte differentiation,which leads to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes.However,HMGA1-knockout mice were actually hypersensitive to insulin.The difference of insulin sensitivity between human and mouse peripheral tissue may be related to retinol-binding protein.