中文摘要：

中国姓氏的音变现象是一种普遍现象,存在于很多姓氏当中.在今天中国境内,以“虎”作为姓氏的人群大多数是回族,一些地区的少数汉族也姓“虎”.“虎”字本音读＂hǔ”（上声）,而地处中国西南地区的四川、贵州威宁、云南昭通一带的回族,其姓氏“虎”的发音则在当地音变为“māo”（阴平）.经过对历史资料的梳理和对当地的调查,笔者发现,西南地区“虎”姓读音改变的原因有很多说法,至今学术界和民间都很难形成定论.笔者试图将此问题与回族在西南地区特殊的生存图景联系起来,从族际交往的角度对“虎”姓音变的原因提出思考,同时指出,回族“虎”姓音变现象是回族积极适应少数民族地区生存环境、与其他民族和谐共处的一种表现.

英文摘要：

Sound changes of surname is a common phenomenon. In today＇s China, people surnamed Hu are mainly Hui ethnic minority, though there are a few Han also surnamed Hu. This surname is pronounced as mao （high-level tone） in some southwestern areas, especially in Sichnan province, Weining of Guizhou province and Zhaotong of Yunnan province. Based on historical review of materials and field works, the author finds that there are many plausible explanations for the sound change of surname Hu in southwestern China; however, it is still far from reaching an agreement either in academia or among the local people. Considering Hui minorities＇ special living circumstances in southwestern region, the author explains the interesting phenomenon from the angle Of inter-ethnic relations and points out that the sound change of Hu in Hui minority is a manifestation of Hui minorities＇ active adaption to the living environment to retain harmony with other ethnic groups within the same community.