中文摘要：

选择性注意是受众的一种重要的心理现象,可以被分解为选择性接触、选择性理解、选择性记忆三个层次。本文界定了选择性注意的概念后,先回顾认知心理学中关于选择性注意的研究,总结以往研究中关于其发生机制的一致观点和矛盾之处,然后从信息特征、个人特征及情境因素三大方面梳理其影响因素。未来的研究可以结合选择性注意机制和遗忘机制进行探索,并讨论不同影响因素下选择性注意的效用差异,从而完善选择性注意的研究体系。

英文摘要：

Selective attention is a kind of important psychological phenomenon which includes three aspects in total： selective exposure,selective apprehension,and selective retention. After defining the concept of selective attention,this paper first reviews the research on selective attention in cognitive psychology,so that to summarize consistency and contradiction of their views on its mechanism in previous research,then summarizes the impact on selective attention from three aspects： information characteristics,personal characteristics and situational factors. Future research can be combined with selective attention mechanism and forgetting mechanism,and discuss the utility difference of selective attention under different factors,so as to improve the research system of selective attention.