中文摘要：

本研究选取了水生的蝎蝽次目（半翅目：异翅亚目）10科的11种为代表种,扩增了蛋白编码基因-四个Hox基因（abd-A,Dfd,Ubx和pb）的部分片段,利用最大似然法和贝叶斯方法分析了蝎蝽次目总科或科间的系统发育关系。研究结果如下：支持蝎蝽次目、潜蝽总科（盖蝽科＋潜蝽科）、蝎蝽总科（负子蝽科＋蝎蝽科）、蜍蝽总科（蜍蝽科＋蟾蝽科）以及固蝽总科（固蝽科＋蚤蝽科）的单系性;蜍蝽总科为蝎蝽次目的基部分支;仰蝽总科只包括仰蝽科,并与（固蝽总科＋潜蝽总科）形成新的姐妹群关系;蝎蝽总科与划蝽总科为姐妹群;表明Hox基因在解决异翅亚目总科间或科间的系统发育关系上,是适合的分子标记。

英文摘要：

The phylogenetic relationships among the Nepomorpha （Hemiptera： Heteroptera） were analyzed based on nuclear protein coding genes-partial sequences of four Hox genes： abd-A, Dfd, Ubx and pb. Fifteen taxa, of which eleven were ingroups representing ten of the eleven families, were selected to produce a phylogenetic inference of nepomorphan superfamilial or familial relationships via parsimony and Bayesian techniques. Our results supported the monophylies of Nepomorpha, Naucoroidea （Aphelocheiridae ＋ Naucoridae）, Nepoidea （Belostomatidae ＋ Nepidae）, Ochteroidea （Ochteridae ＋ Gelastocoridae） and Pieoidea （Pleidae ＋ Helotrephidae）; the most basal lineage of Ochteroidea; Notonectoidea contained Notonectidae only and formed a new sister relationship with （Pleoidea ＋ Naucoroidea）; and the sister relationship of （Nepoidea ＋ Corixoidea）. The Hox genes are suitable molecular markers to resolve phylogenetic relationships at superfamily or family levels in Heteroptera.