中文摘要：

留针作为针灸临床非常重要的一个环节，被历代医家所重视。本文从病程、病种、病情和针刺部位等方面对近年来有关留针时间影响因素的相关文献进行了归纳总结。现代相关研究在一定程度上证实并发展了古人对留针的认识，但符合循证医学要求的随机对照试验较少，大多只停留在观察阶段。今后，临床研究应采用科学严谨的设计方法，设计符合中医特色的研究方案，对留针进行深入系统的研究，从而把握针刺治疗中留针的规律，确定各种疾病的最佳留针时间，以利于构建规范化、系统化的针刺治疗临床指导模式。

英文摘要：

Needle retention duration, as an essential link in acupuncture treatment, has always been valued by physicians in all ages of the Chinese history. In this article, related literatures in recent years on influence factors of needle retention duration have been collected and reviewed in terms of duration, type and state of illness, point selection and so on. Modern related researches, to a certain extent, have approved and advanced the viewpoints of the previous physicians. However, few of the studies are randomized controlled trials of evidence-based medicine. Most of them still remain in observation stage. Therefore, scientific designing methods should be adopted in the future for researching approaches of TCM. Systematic and through studies should be carried out on needle retention duration, so as to comprehend the principle and define the optimal duration for different diseases. In this way, a standardized and systematic model on acupuncture treatment can be established.