中文摘要：

工资制度是科研机构吸引、留住并用好科研人才最重要的经济手段之一。本文选择美国、英国、德国、日本、韩国、印度、南非等国家的典型科研机构为分析对象，从科研人员工资经费来源、工资标准确定、计发方式、工资构成、绩效奖酬决定机制、绩效考核制度等方面进行国际比较分析，分析结果对我国进一步深化公立科研机构科研人员工资收入分配改革具有重要的借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

Salary system is one of the most important economic means for the scientific research institutions to attract, retain and make the best use of high-quality research staff. In this paper, based on our research on the salary systems of major research institutions in the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, Korea, India and South Africa, an international comparative analysis is made, focusing on the sources of salary expenditures, salary standards, payroll form, salary structure, performance-based pay increase or bonus mechanisms, and performance appraisals. The research results are expected to have implications for China＇s ongoing reform on salary system of public R＆D institutions.