中文摘要：

乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）感染早期进入肝细胞机制研究一直是HBV研究领域的热点和难点.简单易得的HBV体外感染细胞模型是HBV感染进入机制研究无法逾越的主要障碍.近年来,随着新型HBV体外感染细胞模型的建立和应用（HepRG细胞和树鼩原代肝细胞）,HBV的进入机制研究取得了一系列重大发现.综述了近几年HBV进入肝细胞机制的最新研究进展,主要包括HBV表面蛋白进入相关结构域的鉴定,已发现的候选HBV进入相关分子和尚待解决的问题.

英文摘要：

The mechanism of hepatitis B virus entry is an interesting area in HBV research but still enigmatic. The difficulties in HBV entry research were primarily caused by the lack of easily accessible in vitro infection models. Recent years, primary hepatocytes from Tupaia belangeri has been substituted for primary human hepatocytes and upon induction of differentiation in vitro. A human hepatoma cell line named HepaRG has been found to be susceptible for HBV infection too. The two cell models enabled researchers to obtain a number of important discoveries for HBV entry. This article are focusing on these discoveries, including the domains of HBV surface proteins involved in HBV entry, potential HBV receptor candidates and the questions to be resolved in future years.