中文摘要：

综述了环境气氛、温度、载荷、晶粒度、电流和磁场等因素对石墨材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响，以及浸渍处理、硅化处理、层间插入处理等对石墨材料性能的改善和各种润滑机理，指出石墨材料性能还存在缺陷和不足，提出对石墨材料的摩擦磨损特性、润滑机理和改性处理方面还需深入研究。

英文摘要：

The influences of atmosphere, temperature, load, grain size, electric current and magnetic field on the tribological properties, lubrication mechanism and the modifications of graphite materials through impregnated processing, silicide processing, intercalation processing are summarized, while it has been pointed out that the per- formance of graphite material still exist deficiencies and suggested that more in-depth research on the characteristics of friction and wear, lubrication mechanism and modifications of graphite materials should be carried out.