中文摘要：

目的探讨髁状突骨折的l临床特点和治疗方法。方法分析对比19902010年179例髁状突骨折患者致伤原冈、治疗方法及疗效等临床资料。结果交通事故致伤92例（占51．4％），髁状突颈部骨折76例（占42．3％）。123例患者经保守治疗，56例患者经不同进路的内固定手术治疗。在治疗方法的选择上，青少年组保守治疗比率较成年患者高（P〈0．01），不同骨折部位治疗方法有差异（P〈0．01），其中髁状突头部骨折保守治疗率最高（92．06％），合并其他部位骨折手术治疗比率较小合并其他部位骨折高（P〈0．01）。治疗后大多获得良好的咬合关系，双侧髁状突骨折初期张口受限率显著增高（P〈0．01），通过功能锻炼1年后张口度均恢复达3．0cm以上。结论交通事故是首要的致伤原因，颈部为髁状突骨折最好发部位。青少年主要采取保守治疗，合并其他部位骨折多选择手术治疗，手术治疗对骨折端移位角度大于30°，下颌升支垂直高度降低超过5mm，保守治疗后张口受限小于2cm的患者很重要。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the clinical features and treatment of condylar fractures. Methods Clinical data including causes of injuries, treatment and efficacy of 179 patients with condylar fractures from 1990 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results 92 of 179 patients were caused by traffic accidents（51.4% ） , and 76 eases had condylar neck fracture（42.3% ）. 123 cases re- ceived conservative therapy and 56 cases received internal fixation surgical treatment from different approaches. The rate of cases who re- ceived conservative treatment in youth group was higher than that in adult group（P 〈 0.01 ）. Treatment methods of different fracture sites had significant differences （P 〈 0.01 ）. The treatment rate of condylar head fracture by conservative therapy was highest（92.06% ）. When the treatment of mandibular condylar fractures was combined with treatment of bone fractures on other sites, the treatment rate was higher than those not combined（P 〈 0.01 ）. Most of the cases acquired perferct occlusion after treatment. Limitation rate of mouth opening of double side condylar fracture cases increased significantly in early period（P 〈 0.01 ）, which were recovered through functional exercise and reached over 3.0 cm one year later. Conclusions Traffic accident is the primary risk factor of condylar fracture. Neck is the most frequent site of condylar fracture. Youth group mainly take conservative therapy. Cases combining fractures on other sites mostly choose surgical treatnmnt. The angle of fracture end displacement in surgical treatment is more than 30 °, and vertical height of mandibular ra- mus reduce by more than 5 ram. It＇s important for cases to have limitation of mouth opening less than 2 cm after conservative therapy.