中文摘要：

采用循环伏安法和恒电位电解法研究了离子液体BMimBFa-H2O中硝基苯在微铂电极上的电还原特性．实验表明，在BMimBF4中，随着硝基苯和水的浓度变化，循环伏安曲线的峰电位和峰电流呈现复杂的变化规律；硝基苯在铂电极上的电还原反应为双分子8电子3步骤电化学过程，第一步反应为准可逆单分子单电子转移步骤，产生阴离子自由基，第二步为2电子转移步骤，并伴有随后的双分子不可逆自由基偶合化学反应，主要产物为氧化偶氮苯，第三步是2电子转移产生偶氮苯的过程．

英文摘要：

Nitrobenzene was electroreduced to azobenzene in ionic liquid BMimBF4-H20 on Pt electrode at room temperature. The concentrations of nitrobenzene and water in BMimBF4 had complicated influence on the peak potential and peak current of cyclic voltammogram. The results from cyclic voltammetry and constant-potential electrolysis experiments showed that the reaction was a two-molecule and three-step electrochemical process with 8 electrons transferred. In the reaction, anion radical arose in first step, 2 electrons were transferred in second step and accompanied with coupling reaction of radicals, 2 electrons were transferred in third step, and azobenzene was produced.