中文摘要：

针对电动拖拉机研究领域常用仿真方法通用性较差、涉及机组作业的仿真平台尚不完善等问题,以东方红500（YTO-500）拖拉机为研究对象,设计了电动拖拉机结构方案和驱动系统参数,基于CRUISE建立了增程式电动拖拉机仿真平台。仿真分析了电动拖拉机与传统拖拉机的牵引性能,以及低速循环工况下拖拉机的地面特性和能耗情况,结果表明,建立的电动拖拉机仿真模型能够较好地模拟拖拉机行驶状况。通过分析拖拉机动力系、行走系与动力输出轴之间的转矩耦合关系,提出了一种旋耕机组等效模型,建立了电动拖拉机旋耕机组仿真平台,仿真结果表明,机组作业速度处于3.65km/h附近,旋耕机主轴转速保持在200r/min,符合东方红500拖拉机旋耕机组试验结果,车速提高了14%,燃油消耗下降了34.4%。

英文摘要：

Aimed at the existing conditions that simulation methods of in the field of electric trac- tor research were non-universal, and the simulation platforms concerned with working units were without complete functions. YTO-500 tractor was selected as the research object, the structural pro- ject and the driving parameters of the electric tractor were designed, the simulative platform of ex- tended range electric tractor was established based on CRUISE. By simulating tractive behaviors of the electric and the traditional tractor, and analyzing the surficial behavior and consumption of diesel as the tractor was on a cyclic slow working conditions, the resulting curves express that this platform can simulate tractor＇s running conditions well. By researching the coupling relationship of torques among its power train, driving train and PTO（power take off）, an equivalent model was taken out. Simulation platform of extended range electric tractor＇s rotary cultivator was established. The simulation expresses that the speed of the working unit approximately maintains 3.65 km/h, the rotate speed of the rotary cultivator＇s principal axis maintains 200 r/min, the simulation results correspond to the YTO 500 tractor＇s experiments. By comparison, the speed increases by 14%, and the consumption of fuel decreases by 34.4%.