中文摘要：

利用卫星反演的青藏高原逐月雪深序列,结合高原101个测站地表温度的观测值及前期太平洋海温的扩展重建资料等,对比分析了近20年ENSO与高原整体及高原东、西部雪深的相关及持续性。结果表明：（1）赤道东太平洋海温和高原东、西部雪深的相关存在明显的差异,高原西部雪深与前期秋末冬初130°W以东赤道太平洋海温呈正相关,通过了95%置信检验,并持续至次年4月,而高原东部在赤道东太平洋则一直没有对应的显著正相关区。（2）厄尔尼诺次年4、5月高原东部地表温度显著偏高,与前期11-12月Nino3区平均海温的相关系数分别达0.44和0.52,通过了95%置信检验。（3）冬季厄尔尼诺成熟期至4月以前,200 hPa副热带西风急流活动强盛,利于赤道东太平洋在对流层上层激发的罗斯贝波沿急流传至高原上空,从而引起局地对流活动增强、雨雪增多,随着ENSO信号及作为波导的西风急流的减弱,波列趋于消失,ENSO引起的高原雪深异常也变得不显著。

英文摘要：

Using the monthly Qinghai-Xizang Plateau snow depth derived from satellite data,the observations of surface temperature for 101 stations in the plateau,the extended reconstructed SST in the Pacific for earlier periods and so on,this study analyzes the correlations between ENSO and snow depth averaged over the whole plateau,the eastern plateau or the western plateau and their continuity for nearly 20 years.The results are：（1） The correlations are greatly different between SST in the eastern equatorial Pacific and snow depth averaged over the eastern and western plateau.The positive correlation is over 95%confidence level between snow depth averaged over the western plateau and SST in the eastern equatorial Pacific to the east of 130°W of prior late autumn and early winter,which persists to April;however,there is no significant positive correlation in the eastern equatorial Pacific corresponding to the eastern plateau.（2） During April and May after the occurrence of El Nino,surface temperature in the eastern plateau is higher than normal greatly,and the correlation coefficients with the mean SST for early November and December in the region of Nino3 are respectively 0.44 and 0.52,which is over 95%confidence level.（3） From the mature phase of El Nino in winter and before April,the extratropical westerly jet at 200 hPa is very active,which benefits the propagation along the jet to the plateau of the Rossby waves excited by SST anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific in the upper troposphere and then results in the enhancement of local convective activities and increased rainfall and snowfall.With weakening of ENSO signal and the westerly jet as waveguide,the Rossby waves tend to disappear and the snow depth anomaly in the plateau caused by ENSO also becomes not important.