针对底板承压水上断层的受力特征,建立了简化的力学模型,根据弹性力学得到了断层面上正应力和剪应力的解析公式,并对断层倾角、工作面推进距离这两个因素影响下的断层面上的剪应力变化情况进行了详细的分析;基于隔水关键层理论,对断层影响下的临界水压进行了公式推导,分析了临界水压随断层倾角的变化情况。结果表明,断层面上的剪应力峰值在β≤60°时是随着倾角增大而增大的,在β〉60°时是随着倾角增大而减小的;随着工作面向断层推进,剪应力峰值也逐渐向浅部转移。临界水压随着断层倾角的增大经历了先增大、后减小的过程;当断层倾角在β≤40°或β≥65°时,隔水关键层可能发生破断,将会继断层形成另一条突水通道。
A simplified mechanical model was built according to the stress characteristics of fault above floor confined aquifer,the analytic formula for the normal stress and shear stress on the fault plane was obtained according to the elasticity and a detailed analysis was made on the change of the shear stress on the fault plane which was affected by the dip angle of fault and the distance of face advance.Based on the theory of key water-resisting layer,the formula for the critical water pressure which was affected by the fault was derived and analysis was carried out on the change of the critical water pressure with the dip angle of fault.The results showed that the peak shear stress on the shear plane increased with the increase of the dip angle when β≤60°and decreased with the increase of the dip angle when β60°.The peak shear stress was gradually transferred to the shallow part with the working face advanced to the fault.With the increase of the dip angle,the critical water pressure experienced such a process of first increase and then decrease.The key water-resisting layer may break and form another water inrush channel when the dip angle of fault was β≤40° or β≥65°.