中文摘要：

选取江西红壤性双季稻水稻土为研究对象,采用盆栽模拟试验研究了4种不同施肥措施即当地农民习惯施肥(FP)、较FP减施20%化肥氮且有机肥替代20%化肥氮(T1)、在T1基础上加施Si、Zn、S三种微肥(T2)和在T2基础上采用20%缓释氮肥替代普通化肥氮(T3)对稻田主要温室气体CO2、CH4和N2O排放的影响,并对土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)、土壤微生物量氮(SMBN)、水稻产量的影响进行了分析。结果表明:4种处理稻田土壤CO2的总排放通量均无显著性差异;稻田土壤N2O的总排放量与FP处理相比,T1、T2和T3处理均有显著性减少(P【0.05),分别减少了31.72%、27.17%和43.65%,T3较T2处理显著减少22.83%(P【0.05);稻田土壤CH4的总排放量与FP处理相比,T1、T2、T3处理分别高了13.06%、13.90%、21.97%,其中T3处理差异达到显著水平(P【0.05)。与FP处理相比,T1、T2、T3处理显著提高了SMBC和SMBN的含量(P【0.05),分别提高了18.91%、19.30%、20.07%和28.95%、31.66%、29.96%;T1、T2、T3处理对水稻产量均无显著性影响。稻田土壤CH4和N2O的排放与SMBC和SMBN存在显著的相关性(P【0.01)。总体看,T3处理在降低N2O的总排放量的同时对提升土壤SMBC和SMBN含量具有明显作用。

英文摘要：

Paddy soil is an important source of greenhouse gases. Different fertilization methods may impact greenhouse gas emissions. In a pot experiment, a paddy soil of red soil under double cropping in Jiangxi Province was used to examine the emissions of greenhouse gases un-der local farmer fertilization practice(FP), organic nitrogen substitution for 20%of chemical nitrogen in FP(T1), Si, Zn and S additions to T1(T2), and slow release nitrogen substitution for 40%of chemical nitrogen in T2(T3). Soil microbial biomass carbon(SMBC), soil micro-bial biomass nitrogen(SMBN)and rice yield were also investigated. The results showed that total emission fluxes of CO2 were not significantly different between treatments. However, the total emission fluxes of N2O in T1, T2 and T3 treatments were significantly reduced(P<0.05)by 31.72%, 27.17%, and 43.65%, respectively, compare to that in FP. In the T1, T2, and T3 treatments, the total emission fluxes of CH4 were re-spectively 13.06%, 13.9%and 21.97%higher than in the FP treatment. Compared with FP, the SMBC and SMBN contents were increased by 18.91%, 19.30%, and 20.07%, and 28.95%, 31.66%, and 29.96%, respectively, for T1, T2 and T3. The rice yields did not show significant difference in T1, T2 and T3 treatments. The emission fluxes of CH4 and N2O in paddy soil had a significant correlation with SMBC and SMBN (P<0.01). Totally, T3 could significantly reduce the total emission fluxes of N2O and improve the soil SMBC and SMBN contents.