中文摘要：

建立多缸柴油机传动机构三维实体模型，理论上模拟柴油机正常以及异常发火情况下的瞬时转速波形图，分析其故障特征。以WP10.340E32型柴油机为研究对象，搭建柴油机故障模拟实验台以及柴油机运行在线监测系统，模拟、捕捉柴油机单缸不点火故障。从得到瞬时转速、特定相位缸体振动信号入手，对比正常情况下信号特征，分析失火故障与特征信号的内在联系。通过仿真和实测数据证明瞬时转速结合振动冲击相位信号可有效识别柴油机失火故障并且能准确定位故障缸所在位置，从而实现诊断过程的简化。

英文摘要：

A three-dimensional solid model of a multi-cylinder diesel engine is established. The instantaneous speed waveform diagrams under normal and abnormal combustion situations are simulated. The fault characteristics are analyzed.With the WP10.340E32 diesel engine as the object, a test bench for diesel engine fault simulation is built, and an on-line monitoring system for monitoring the operation condition of the engine is established to simulate and capture misfire fault of the diesel engine. Comparing the normal signals with the abnormal signals of the acquired instantaneous speed and cylinder vibration signals, the internal relation between the misfire fault and the characteristics signals is analyzed. The simulation and experimental results show that the combination of the instantaneous speed with the vibration signals can effectively identify the misfire fault of the diesel engine and locate the faulty cylinder accurately. And the diagnostic process is also simplified.