中文摘要：

长期以来海水水生动物和淡水水生动物多不饱和脂肪酸合成能力一直是众多研究的重点。相比于淡水水生动物，海水水生动物更容易从食物中获得多不饱和脂肪酸，因此其合成多不饱和脂肪酸的能力低于淡水水生动物。中华绒螯蟹作为一种洄游型甲壳动物，其脂肪酸合成能力的研究显得更加重要。本研究通过中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺离体培养技术，利用不同的脂肪酸培养中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺组织，旨在探讨不同脂肪酸对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺多不饱和脂肪酸合成相关基因表达的影响，为研究饲料中添加不同脂肪酸对中华绒螯蟹多不饱和脂肪酸合成的影响提供了一定的理论参考依据。本研究表明：油酸会显著增加中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺ELOVL6、fad6、和fad9基因的表达量；不同脂肪酸对fad6和fad9基因表达量的影响相似，且相比于EPA和DHA，亚麻酸和油酸会显著增加fad6和fad9基因的表达。通过本研究，我们得出EPA和DHA等多不饱和脂肪酸会抑制多不饱和脂肪酸合成的过程。进一步证实了海水水生动物多不饱和脂肪酸合成能力和海水中高含量的多不饱和脂肪酸之间的关系。

英文摘要：

For a long time, the biosynthetic capacity of polyunsaturated unsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs） of marine aquatic animals and freshwater aquatic animals has been the focus in many studies. Compared to freshwater aquatic animals, marine aquatic animals are more likely to obtain PUFAs from food, so their ability to synthesize PUFAs is lower than that of freshwater aquatic animals. As a migratory crustacean, studies on the biosynthetic capacity of PUFAs of Eriocheir sinensis seem to be more important. To investigate the effects of different fatty acids on the expression of genes related to the synthesis of PUFAs, biological in vitro culture was performed in this study, which provided the theory basis for researching the effects of different dietary fatty acids on the synthesis of PUFAs in Eriocheir sinensis. The results of the present study showed that oleinic acid （18： ln-9, OA） could significantly increase the gene expression of ELOVL6,fad6 and fcut9 in the hepatopancreas cultured in vitro. The effects of different fatty acids on the gene expression of fad6 and fad9 were similar. Compared with eicosapentaenoic （20： 5n-3, EPA） and docosahexaenoic （22： 6n-3, DHA）, linolenic acid （18： 3n-3, ARA） and OA could significantly increase the expression of fad6 and fad9 genes. In conclusion, EPA and DHA could inhibit thegene expression related to the synthesis of PUFAs, which explained the different biosynthetic capacity of the marine aquatic animals and freshwater aquatic animals.