中文摘要：

定向扩散算法周期性地扩散探测分组时，会给网络带来很大负载，严重影响了数据分组的传输性能。该文提出了一种基于梯度的受限扩散算法。通过分析邻居梯度，计算扩散的广度和深度，进而选取最优的转发节点集进行扩散。仿真结果表明受限扩散算法在保证较低能量消耗的前提下，大大绵短了扩散持续的时间和数据分组端到端时延。

英文摘要：

Directed diffusion is a classical data propagation protocol for wireless sensor networks. In directed diffusion routing, the diffusion of exploratory data can inevitably lead to heavy traffic periodically. Then the performance of data propagation may severely deteriorate at that moment. A gradient-based constrained diffusion algorithm is proposed in this paper. By analyzing the gradients of node＇s neighbors, the breadth and depth for diffusion can be conducted firstly. Then diffusion is performed in the optimal set of selected forwarding nodes. The simulation results indicate that this algorithm can decrease both duration of diffusion and propagation delay greatly. In addition, it is energy-efficient, and compatible with existing algorithm without additional cost of control message.